2018年USAJMO 真题
Day 1
Note: For any geometry problem whose statement begins with an asterisk (
), the first page of the solution must be a large, in-scale, clearly labeled diagram. Failure to meet this requirement will result in an automatic 1-point deduction.
Problem 1
For each positive integer
, find the number of
-digit positive integers that satisfy both of the following conditions:
no two consecutive digits are equal, and
the last digit is a prime.
Problem 2
Let
be positive real numbers such that
. Prove that
Solution
Problem 3
(
) Let
be a quadrilateral inscribed in circle
with
. Let
and
be the reflections of
over lines
and
, respectively, and let
be the intersection of lines
and
. Suppose that the circumcircle of
meets
at
and
, and the circumcircle of
meets
at
and
. Show that
.
Day 2
Note: For any geometry problem whose statement begins with an asterisk (
), the first page of the solution must be a large, in-scale, clearly labeled diagram. Failure to meet this requirement will result in an automatic 1-point deduction.
Problem 4
Triangle
is inscribed in a circle of radius 2 with
, and
is a real number satisfying the equation
, where
. Find all possible values of
.
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Prove that![[asy] size(10cm); real w = 2*Sin(18); real h = 0.10 * w; real d = 0.33 * h; picture wht; picture blk; draw(wht, (0,0)--(w,0)--(w+d,h)--(-d,h)--cycle); fill(blk, (0,0)--(w,0)--(w+d,h)--(-d,h)--cycle, black); // draw(unitcircle, blue+dotted); // Original polygon add(shift(dir(108))*blk); add(shift(dir(72))*rotate(324)*blk); add(shift(dir(36))*rotate(288)*wht); add(shift(dir(0))*rotate(252)*blk); add(shift(dir(324))*rotate(216)*wht); add(shift(dir(288))*rotate(180)*blk); add(shift(dir(252))*rotate(144)*blk); add(shift(dir(216))*rotate(108)*wht); add(shift(dir(180))*rotate(72)*blk); add(shift(dir(144))*rotate(36)*wht); // White shifted real Wk = 1.2; pair W1 = (1.8,0.1); pair W2 = W1 + w*dir(36); pair W3 = W2 + w*dir(108); pair W4 = W3 + w*dir(216); path Wgon = W1--W2--W3--W4--cycle; draw(Wgon); pair WO = (W1+W3)/2; transform Wt = shift(WO)*scale(Wk)*shift(-WO); draw(Wt * Wgon); label("$W$", WO); /* draw(W1--Wt*W1); draw(W2--Wt*W2); draw(W3--Wt*W3); draw(W4--Wt*W4); */ // Black shifted real Bk = 1.10; pair B1 = (1.5,-0.1); pair B2 = B1 + w*dir(0); pair B3 = B2 + w*dir(324); pair B4 = B3 + w*dir(252); pair B5 = B4 + w*dir(180); pair B6 = B5 + w*dir(144); path Bgon = B1--B2--B3--B4--B5--B6--cycle; pair BO = (B1+B4)/2; transform Bt = shift(BO)*scale(Bk)*shift(-BO); fill(Bt * Bgon, black); fill(Bgon, white); label("$B$", BO); [/asy]](https://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/8/8/c/88c26c3ed57745f62327c44dc471fbe3c959a287.png)




